Publications

Leading Energy Solutions in a Competitive Marketplace

The ZGlobal team has produced several high-level publications on a variety of subjects, including ancillary services, energy planning, congestion management, transmission rights, and regional coordination. ZGlobal’s executive team has also lectured audiences in the U.S. and abroad on grid operations, deregulation, and market design.

POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION:

  1. “Increasing of Ground Resistance of Human Foot in Substations Yards” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Engineering Review, IEEE, Vol.9, No.7, pp.53-54, doi: 10.1109/MPER.1989.4310806, July 1989
     
  2. “Increasing of Ground Resistance of Human Foot in Substations’ Yards” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Delivery, IEEE Transactions, Vol.4, No.3, pp.1695-1700, doi: 10.1109/61.32661, July 1989
     
  3. “Steady State Voltage Instability – Operations Perspective” presented and published at the IEEE-PES Conference (90 WM 037-2 PWRS), Atlanta, Georgia, 1990
     
  4. “Steady State Voltage Instability Operations Perspective” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Systems, IEEE Transactions, Vol.5, No.4, pp.1345-1354, doi: 10.1109/59.99386, November 1990
     
  5. “Voltage Collapse: Operating Philosophy at PG&E” presented at the IEEE – PES, Summer 1990
     
  6. “Cost/Benefits Analysis of an Optimal Power Flow: The PG&E Experience” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Industry Computer Application Conference, 1993, Conference Proceedings, pp.82-88, 4-7, doi: 10.1109/PICA.1993.291032, May 1993
     
  7. “External Network Modeling – Recent Practical Experience” IEEE Transmission and Power Systems, Volume 9, PP 216-228, February 1994
     
  8. “Marginal Unit Average Costs Based Clearing Prices” Final Report, PG&E/PUC, August 1996
     
  9. “Data Validation of Market Based Electric Operation” FERC Technical Conference, 1997
     
  10. “California Electric Restructuring; a Broad Description of the Development of the California ISO” (PE-926-PWRS-0-12-1997) published at the IEEE-PES, 1997
     
  11. “California Electric Restructuring; a Broad Description of the Development of the California ISO” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Systems, IEEE Transactions, Vol.13, No.4, pp.1445-1452, doi: 10.1109/59.736288, November 1998

RTO / ISO: MARKET DESIGN, SCHEDULING & OPERATIONS:

  1. “Ancillary Service Design, Implementation and Operation” by Alaywan, Z.; Stanford University, Hoover Institution, Palo Alto, CA, January 26, 1999
     
  2. “Implementation of the California Independent System Operator” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Industry Computer Applications, 1999, PICA ’99, Proceedings of the 21st 1999; IEEE International Conference, pp.233-238, doi: 10.1109/PICA.1999.779408, July 1999
     
  3. “Facilitating the Congestion Management Market in California” by Alaywan, Z., IEEE PES Conference Proceeding Paper, Edmonton, Canada, published IEEE-PES, in Edmonton, Canada, Summer 1999
     
  4. “The California Firm Transmission Rights, Energy, and Risk Management, Presented by Alaywan, Z.; to the UK regulators, London, UK, April 2001
     
  5. “California ISO Formation and Implementation” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Computer Applications in Power, IEEE, Vol.12, No.4, pp.30-34, doi: 10.1109/67.795135, October 1999 
     
  6. “California ISO Announces Sale of Approximately $41 Million in the First Ever Firm Transmission Rights Auction in California” by Alaywan, Z., November 19, 1999
     
  7. “Practical Aspects of Running Netscape Server in Deregulated Market Operations” by Alaywan, Z., et al, Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, 2000. IEEE, Vol.3, No., pp.1662-1667 Vol.3, doi: 10.1109/PESW.2000.847594, 23-27 January 2000
     
  8. “Evolution of the California Independent System Operator Markets” by Alaywan, Z., The Electricity Journal, Volume 13, Number 6, pp. 69-83 (15), 3 July 2000
     
  9. “Adjustable Inter-SC Trades Modeling in Congestion Management” By Alaywan, Z. et al; presented and published at the IEEE-PES, in Vancouver, Canada. DOI: 10.1109/ PESS.2001.970206, July 16, 2001
     
  10. “Fundamentals of Electrical Power Markets” presented by Alaywan, Z. at the PICA Conference, Sydney, Australia, May 20-24, 2001
     
  11. “Declaring Emergencies in California: The Realities of ISO Operation” by Alaywan, Z.; Fortnightly Magazine, Volume 139, No 19, October 15, 2001
     
  12. “Best Operating Practices under Strict Environmental Initiatives” Presented by Alaywan, Z. at the International Conference on Renewable Energy, London, 2002
     
  13. “Real-Time Energy Market” Design and Operating Principle” presented by Alaywan, Z.; to the European Delegation on Restructuring, University of Toulouse, France, May 2002
     
  14. “A Rational Buyer Algorithm Used for Ancillary Services” an Ancillary Service Auction used by CAISO Market, Alaywan, Z. et al, published at the IEEE- PES, October 03, 2004
     
  15. “California’s Electricity Restructuring: The Challenge to Providing Service and Grid Reliability” Final Report, Presented by Alaywan, Z.; to the California Legislators working group, December 2002
     
  16. “Transmission Pricing and Auction” by Alaywan, Z., presented to the European Delegation on Restructuring, University of Toulouse, France, 2003
     
  17. “The California Firm Transmission Rights” by Alaywan, Z., published at the Energy and Power Risk Management, U.K., March 2003
     
  18. “Capacity Payment for Local Reliability Resources” ECUI Conference, May 9, 2003
     
  19. “Impact of De-regulation on System Operation in California” by Alaywan, Z., Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2003, IEEE, Vol.4, No., pp. 4 Vol. 2666, doi: 10.1109/PES.2003.1270970, 13-17 July 2003
     
  20. “Effects of Firm Transmission Rights on Transmission Revenue Allocation” by Alaywan, Z., et al, presented and published at the IEEE – PES, October 22, 2003
     
  21. “Managing Regional Transmission Bottleneck across California and the Southwest Region” by Alaywan, Z., presented to FERC, CPUC, and Southwestern Region, December 2003
     
  22. “Pricing Energy and Ancillary Services in Integrated Market Systems by an Optimal Power Flow” by Alaywan, Z. at el, Power Systems, IEEE Transactions, Vol.19, No.1, pp. 339- 347, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.820701, February 2004
     
  23. “Locational Marginal Price Calculations Using the Distributed-slack Power-Flow Formulation” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Systems, IEEE Transactions, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 1188- 1190, doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.846156, May 2005
     
  24. “Regional Ancillary Services Procurement in Simultaneous Energy/Reserve Markets” by Alaywan, Z., et al, Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2004, IEEE PES, pp. 1788- 1793 Vol.3, doi: 10.1109/PSCE.2004.1397467, 10-13 October 2004
     
  25. “Early Experience in Centralized Real-Time Energy Market” presented by Alaywan, Z. at the European Engineering Conference in Spain, EURPES, June 2005
     
  26. “Why California is Moving Toward Locational Marginal Pricing – The Real Story” presented at the 2nd CIGRE/IEEE Power Engineering Society in New Orleans, October 2005
     
  27. “Impact of De-regulation on System Operation in California” by Alaywan, Z., CIGRE/IEEE PES, 2005, International Symposium, pp.24-30, doi: 10.1109/ CIGRE.2005.1532722, 7-7 October 2005
     
  28. “Locational Marginal Price Calculations Using the Distributed- Slack Power-Flow Formulation” a Locational Marginal Pricing decomposition methodology used by CAISO Market, Alaywan, Z. et al, published in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 20(2):1188 – 1190, June 2005
     
  29. “Where is Californian Energy Market Headed” by Coffee, K et al., Public Generating Pool, Seattle, WA, December 2013

TRANSMISSION PLANNING, SCHEDULING & OPERATIONS:

  1. “Transmission Economic Assessment Methodology (TEAM),” June 2004
     
  2. “Economic Assessment for Path 15 Upgrades; Cost Analysis Studies” September 7, 2004
     
  3. “Transitioning the California Market from a Zonal to a Nodal Framework: An Operational
    Perspective” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2004, IEEE PES, pp. 862- 867 Vol.2, doi: 10.1109/PSCE.2004.1397468, 10-13 October 2004
     
  4. “A View from The Operating Room” by Alaywan, Z., McIntosh, J., Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2004, IEEE PES, pp. 1709- 1727 Vol.3, doi:10.1109/PSCE.2004.1397673, 10-13 October 2004
     
  5. “Transmission Modeling of Southern California Municipal Utilities” by Alaywan, Z., report to FERC, December 15, 2004
     
  6. “Economic Evaluation of the Palo Verde-Devers 500kV Line No. 2” February 24, 2005
     
  7. “A Perspective on Renewable Energy Development in the Western U.S.” presented at the International Renewable Conference in Cairo, March 2005
     
  8. “Effect of Market Structure and Design on Grid Reliability” by Alaywan, Z., Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2005, IEEE, pp. 945- 946 Vol. 1, doi: 10.1109/PES.2005.1489466, 12-16 June 2005
     
  9. “San Francisco Peninsula Phase 2 Long-Term Electric Transmission Planning Technical Study” Cal-ISO Stakeholder Process Joint Study, November 14, 2005
     
  10. “Financial Transmission Market in California – Seven Year Assessment” by Alaywan, Z. et al, presented at the IEEE-Power Tech 2007, Lausanne, Switzerland, July 1-5, 2007
     
  11. “Experiences with Joint Transmission-Project Development in the West” by Alaywan, Z.; on behalf of California Municipal Utilities Association, Imperial Irrigation District, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power and the Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Docket No. 08-IEP-IB, filed to the California Energy Commission on August 1, 2008
     
  12. “Delivery Challenges for Geothermal and Remotely Located Generation” presented at Platts Geothermal Power Development, June 16, 2009
     
  13. “An Economic Benefit Evaluation of the TransBay Cable” ZGlobal performed a comprehensive evaluation of the TransBay Cable, a 230 kV cable across the San Francisco Bay, Trans Bay Cable LLC, Cost of Service Rate Filing, FERC Docket No. ER10-116-000, TBC3, October 23, 2009
     
  14. “The Tres Amigas Superstation: Linking Renewable Energy and the Nation’s Grid (July 2010)” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2010 IEEE, pp.1-5, doi: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590084, 25-29 July 2010
     
  15. “The Tres Amigas Project: Project Development, Business Case and Benefits” presented at ERCOT, January 2010
     
  16. “The Tres Amigas Superstation: Linking Renewable Energy and the Nation’s Grid (July 2010)” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2010 IEEE, pp.1-5, doi:10.1109/PES.2010.5590084, 25-29 July 2010
     
  17. “Solutions to Transmission Capacity Limitations” Alaywan, Z., AWEA Fall Symposium 2011
     
  18. “Interconnecting North America: The Tres Amigas Superstation” by Alaywan, Z., Coffee, K., Bergman, D., Vangelatos, C.  Presented and published at the 2011 CIGRE International Symposium Integrating Supergrids and Microgrids, Bologna, Italy, September 13-15, 2011
     
  19. “The Tres Amigas Superstation – Interconnecting the Nation” by Alaywan, Z., Transmission Summit West, September 19-21, 2011
     
  20. “The Golden Spike: Advanced Power Electronics Enables Renewable Development Across NERC Regions” by Alaywan, Z. et al, Power and Energy Magazine, IEEE, Vol.10, No.2, pp.71-78, doi: 10.1109/MPE.2011.2178299, March 2012
     
  21. “Effect of Fast Ramping Capability on Grid Operations” presented at the BIT Annual World Congress of iGrid by Kevin Coffee, September 24, 2012
     
  22. “Comparative Economic and Reliability Study Final Report” by ZGlobal Inc. for the Proposed Antelope Valley ClearView (“AV Clearview”) Transmission Project in Southern California, February 5, 2013
     
  23. “Dynamic Transfers for Renewable Energy in the Western Interconnection” presented at Committee on Regional Electric Power Cooperation (CREPC) State-Provincial Steering Committee (SPSC) under the Western Governors Association, April 10, 2013
     
  24. “Dynamic Transfers for Renewable Energy in the Western Interconnection – Western Renewable Energy Zones Initiative – Phase III” by Kevin Coffee, Jim McIntosh, Kyle Hoffman and Jamie Nagel, June 2013
     
  25. “Network New Mexico – A Vision for an Integrated Transmission System to Provide for Transmission of Energy from Production Areas to Load Centers and Electricity Market Hubs” presented by ZGlobal at the NM Finance Authority Board of the NM Legislation, August 27, 2013
     
  26. “Strategic Plan for the State’s Electric Transmission” Alaywan testimony on IEPR Committee Workshop on Transmission Needed to Meet State Renewable Policy Mandates and Goals, California Energy Commission, Docket No.11-IEP-1E, 11-IEP-1G, September 2014